Gooseberry Berill is a winter-hardy variety bred for adverse northern conditions. It is appreciated for endurance, unpretentiousness and excellent dessert taste of juicy, light green berries. We learn how to plant and grow this frost-resistant gooseberry.
Berry gooseberry
Beryl gooseberry bushes are very convenient to harvest, as it has a minimum number of needles
gooseberry "Beryl" has a high yield, gives 3-10 kg of berries per season
How did the beryl variety come about?
The variety was obtained about half a century ago by the Soviet breeder V.S. Ilyin. Parent couple - gooseberry Nugget and Malachite. The variety obtained, taking all the best from its ancestors, became for its time one of the most productive and hardy varieties.
Place of creation - South Ural Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato. The variety is zoned in the Ural and West Siberian regions.
Gooseberry Brief
Brief Botanical Description of Gooseberry Beryl:
- Bush. Medium height and sprawling, with a thick, but neat crown. There are few thorns, they are directed downward, usually located at the bottom of the shoot. There are no thorns on the zero shoots.
- Leaves. Large, green, unrefined, soft, five-lobed. The surface is slightly wrinkled.
- Flowers. Large, shape - goblet. Brightly colored, inflorescences - two-flowered.
- Fruit. Large, yellow-green or light green, weigh 4-9 g. Sometimes there is a reddish blush on the berries. This gooseberry often grows berries twice as large as cherries. The skin is thin, smooth, no pubescence. The pulp is juicy, there are few seeds in it. The stalks are long and thin.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
Beryl Gooseberry Benefits:
- high self-fertility - natural pollination guarantees 50% of the crop;
- ability to tolerate short-term droughts without loss of yield;
- good transportability during the period of technical ripeness;
- the universality of the fruit - they are eaten fresh, make blanks, desserts, cordials;
- high frost resistance - in many regions the bushes do not even have to be covered for the winter;
- large and tasty fruits;
- high productivity - it is profitable to grow a variety for commercial purposes.
Disadvantages:
- may be affected by septoria;
- affected by sawflies;
- yield decline in violation of agricultural technology;
- poor keeping quality in ripe berries.
Varietal Features
The variety is developed specifically for the most severe cultivation conditions. We learn more about the main agricultural characteristics of Beryl.
Productivity
The variety is considered high yielding. From one bush, 8-10 kg are collected. This gooseberry is suitable for any type of cultivation - amateur and industrial. On average, 10 tons of berries are harvested from 1 ha, the maximum figure is 30 tons.
Berry gooseberries Berry sweet and sour, juicy. The taste is dessert. Tasters evaluate the taste of berries at 5 points, in the State Register - 4.3 points. 100 g of fresh gooseberry contains 8-9.9% sugar, acids - 0.5-2.2%, vitamin C - 17 mg.
Video review of Beryl gooseberries, see below:
Ripening dates and features of fruiting
The variety belongs to the medium-late category. Berries ripen around mid-July. The bush begins to bear fruit actively in the 5th year after planting.
Drought and winter hardiness
The variety is frost-resistant, withstands frosts down to minus 38 ° C, therefore it can grow without shelter in regions with severe winters. The variety does not like excessive moisture, it is also highly resistant to drought.
Disease and pest resistance
The variety has medium immunity to traditional diseases of gooseberries and other berry crops. Beryl is characterized by moderate resistance to powdery mildew, fruit rot, but is prone to Septoria. Due to fungal infections, the bushes are stunted, and if left untreated, they die.
The sawflies are considered to be the most dangerous for Beryl - pale-legged and yellow gooseberry. Their larvae eat leaves, destroying all the green parts of the bush.
Features of transportation
In order to extend the shelf life of the berries, they are picked up a bit unripe - at the stage of technical maturity. Then the fruits remain fresh for 3 days, and easily tolerate transportation.
Berries harvested during full ripeness are transported much worse; ripe gooseberries Beryl are not transported over long distances.
Growing conditions
Requirements for growing conditions:
- There are no special requirements for soils. Loamy, sandy, and loamy soils with an average pH are suitable.
- Wetlands and soils with high acidity are not suitable.
- The site is chosen sunny - the taste of berries depends on the amount of sun.
- There should be no drafts or blowing winds in the area.
- Groundwater occurrence is moderate, not less than 1.5 m.
Seedling Selection
For planting take seedlings aged 2 years. They should have a well-formed root system and woody trunks - such seedlings take root better. The seedling should have 2-3 shoots 20 cm long.
What else to look for when choosing gooseberry seedlings:
- take planting material with a closed root system - in containers, pots, film bags;
- shoots must be strong, pruned;
- the kidneys must be healthy, the leaves must be spotless, the bark must be fresh.
Detailed landing instructions
The entire subsequent life of the gooseberry bush depends on the planting conditions - its immunity, productivity, growth and development. We will learn how to properly prepare for the landing, and how to conduct it.
Landing site preparation
Before planting gooseberries prepare the soil and landing pit:
- Determine the acidity of the soil. If the value is high, deoxidize the soil with dolomite flour. Pour it at the rate of 300 g per plant.
- Dig the place where the seedling will be planted, removing all weeds and their roots. For digging, bring phosphates and ash, in heavy soils - fertilizers, compost, sand.
- Dig a hole with a depth and width of 35-40 cm.
- Add well mixed soil to the bottom. It is prepared from a fertile soil layer, 2 compost buckets, as well as from mineral fertilizers - for example, 30 g of superphosphate and 20 g of potassium phosphate. If the soil is heavy, river sand, humus and peat are introduced into the soil mixture.
Disembarkation scheme
Gooseberries are often planted between rows of trees growing in elevated and sunny areas. Here the bushes will be in small partial shade - this is acceptable for gooseberries. In addition, trees will protect the bushes from drafts.
In order for the gooseberry to have enough space for growth and formation of a bush, spaces of at least 1.5 m are left between the pits. The depth and width of the pit takes into account the size of the root system.
Step by step recommendations
The best time for planting gooseberries is early spring or autumn (late September to early October). In the fall, gooseberries are planted a month and a half before frost, so that the root system can form. Temperature, including night, should not fall below 5 ° C.
Before planting, you must have - seedlings and a pit prepared taking into account the characteristics of the soil and the time of planting. If planting is done in spring, organic fertilizers can be added to the pit. Autumn planting is carried out without organic fertilizers - larvae, beetles and other pests that can harm the roots of the plant often overwinter in them.
- Before planting, soak the seedling in the HB-101 solution for half an hour - only 1 drop of the drug will be needed for 1 liter of water.
- Place the seedling vertically in the planting pit. When placing a seedling, note - the gooseberry core should be buried in the soil by 6-8 cm.
- Distribute the roots evenly over loose soil.
- Fill the roots with fertile soil, from time to time brushing off a seedling, and tamping the layers with your hands so that there are no voids between the roots.
- After planting a seedling, cut it, leaving 4-5 growth buds on each branch.
- Pour the seedling with water - one bucket is enough.
- When the moisture is absorbed, sprinkle the tree trunk circle with sawdust, hay or fallen leaves.
Beryl Care Basics
There is nothing complicated or unusual in caring for the gooseberry Beryl. For the safe growth, development and fruiting of this variety, standard measures are enough - watering, fertilizing, spraying, pruning.
Read more on how to care for gooseberries in the fall.
When and how to crop?
Trimming gooseberries is carried out in early spring - before budding, or late in the fall. In adult bushes, it is recommended to trim 2/3 of the old branches at the soil level - this will rejuvenate the plant, start the growth of new shoots.
Beryl gooseberry bushes need regular pruning; they actively form a shoot that thickens the plant. Lack of nutrition, caused by the growth of the bush, prevents the development of young shoots, a decrease in productivity and the fading of berries.
Trimming Principles:
- In the spring, immediately after the snow melts, they begin to prune.
- Sanitary pruning is carried out - all old, diseased and damaged branches are removed.
- Shorten the year-old shoots.
- Thinning root branches - leave 4-5 pieces, the most healthy and strong.
- Form the crown of the bush. The main branches are shortened by 50%. Leave no more than 20 branches of different ages.
- In age bushes, all weak and thickening branches are cut out.
- In summer, pinch the ends of the fruiting branches - so that the berries are larger.
How many times and how much to water?
If the summer is hot, arid - you need artificial watering. It is especially important to water gooseberries during important periods of vegetation - during flowering, fruit setting, ripening of berries. 2-3 weeks before harvesting, watering is stopped.
The approximate frequency of watering is once a week. Water is poured under the root, trying not to fall on the shoots and leaves. 1 bucket of water is poured into the trunk circle. If the summer is rainy, watering additional bushes is not required - from excess moisture, the berries lose their taste and other quality indicators.
The trunks of gooseberries regularly loosen, removing weeds along the way. Loosening improves the air exchange of the soil, and in order to delay the growth of weeds and the evaporation of moisture, the soil is mulched. For the season spend 4-5 loosening.
Feeding scheme
Fertilizing is a prerequisite for harvesting from Beryl. The sequence of dressings is in table 1.
Table 1
Application Period | Top-dressing composition |
Early spring | Humus is scattered under the bush. |
End of spring | They bring in mineral fertilizers, including nitrogen fertilizers - they are needed for the growth of shoots and green mass. For 1 square. m make 20 g of ammonium nitrate or organic matter - bird droppings, manure. |
The end of June. Flowering in the final stage. | They bring in phosphorus-potassium fertilizers - potassium phosphate or superphosphate, 20 g per 1 sq. Km. m. This is necessary for the successful formation of ovaries. |
In order not to have a good harvest next year, do not leave berries on the branches - all fruits must be harvested.
Support application
Supports for gooseberries - small fences made of wooden blocks, metal or plastic pipes.
Why do you need supports:
- maintaining the compactness of the bush;
- prevention of lodging of branches;
- branches do not break in wind and snow;
- berries do not get dirty on the ground;
- easier maintenance of the bush - it is easier to water, loosen, mulch.
Breeding
Variety Beryl propagated in any way traditional for shrubs. Each gardener chooses a method that is best suited for a particular situation.
Beryl gooseberry breeding methods:
- By dividing the bush. Apply in the fall. The bush is easily divided into parts without getting stress.
- Cuttings. This method is used in the summer. From a new growth cuttings with five buds are cut off. The resulting material is planted in the soil at an angle of 45 degrees.
- Layering. A simple and convenient way of reproduction. Layers are lowered into grooves dug near the trunk. The layering is fixed so that they take root in the ground.
- Vaccinated. The scion is planted on a stock - an old gooseberry bush. Old branches are cut, and in a stump they make a split, where they put the scion.
Winter preparations
Bushes are prepared for winter when the average daily temperature drops below 0 ° C. The order of preparation for the winter:
- Water the bush liberally with 5-6 buckets of water. This is water recharge watering for the winter.
- Bend the branches of the bush to the soil and fix. Branches should not lie completely on the ground. Between them and the ground should remain 8-10 cm.
- Mulch the soil near the bush with a layer of 7-8 cm. If the temperature drops below minus 15 ° С, increase the layer thickness to 20 cm. If the winter is snowy, cover gooseberries with snow, pouring it on the bushes.
To prevent premature development of the kidneys and their freezing due to return frosts, in early spring, all shelters are removed.
Pests, signs and fight
Beryl is not particularly vulnerable to pests. It is quite resistant to ticks and other gnawing and sucking insects. The greatest danger for Beryl is the firepit, sawflies and aphids.
table 2
Pests | Harm | How to fight? |
Aphid | Leaves curl, dry and fall. Shoots are deformed and lag behind in growth. | In late spring, the bushes are sprayed with Karbofos or Wofatox. |
Fire | Butterflies lay eggs in buds. Hatching larvae weave cocoons around the ovaries. The fruits grow poorly, fall off. | When the bush fades, it is sprayed with Actellik or Karbofos. |
Sawfly | Caterpillars gnaw through leaves, ovaries and shoots. | In spring, in May, they are sprayed with insecticides or folk remedies - coniferous extract or soap solution. |
Disease, Symptoms and Treatment
The better the growing conditions, the more likely gooseberries to avoid diseases. In table 3 - diseases that are dangerous for the variety Beryl.
Table 3
Disease | Symptoms | How to fight? |
Septoria (white spotting) | The fungus infects the entire bush. Small gray spots with a brown border appear on the leaves. The leaves curl and crumble. Shrub may die. | Use fungicides, bordeaux liquid, it is also recommended to spray the bushes with potassium permanganate, boron, zinc. They process the bushes twice a season - in autumn and spring. |
Powdery mildew | This disease affects the bushes with high humidity and the absence of preventive spraying. This fungal disease is accompanied by the appearance of a whitish, powdery coating on the leaves and on the ends of the branches. | Until the buds open, they are sprayed with copper sulfate (10 l - 120 g) or colloidal sulfur (150 g). |
Anthracosis | Brown spots appear on the leaves. Leaves and shoots turn yellow, fall off. | Treatable. Spray Bordeaux liquid (10 l - 100 ml). They process the bushes 4 times per season with an interval of 20 days. |
Prevention Basics
The greatest danger to gooseberry Beryl is septoria. In order to prevent septoria and other diseases, they take the following preventive measures:
- In autumn and spring, they dig the soil in the near-stem circle.
- Fallen foliage is raked and burned - to destroy pests.
- Feeding is done on time.
- Weeds are harvested and the soil is loosened - this destroys the powdery mildew.
- Cut off all old and diseased branches.
- Sprayed as a preventive measure with antifungal drugs, Bordeaux liquid, solutions of wood ash and liquid soap.
Reviews about the variety "Beryl"
Olga Sh., Nadym. An excellent variety - the berries are sweet, not fluffy, and picking them is easy, since there are almost no thorns. Of course, you have to take care of the bushes if you want to get a decent harvest, but you won’t be surprised by the northerners - here you have to cherish every culture. Beryl can withstand severe frosts, but I still cover it for the winter.
Alexey K., Novosibirsk region This variety cannot be called unpretentious.To get a crop, you have to run with a sprayer. This is perhaps Beryl's main problem - fungal diseases. If you do not take care of prevention, you will not see a crop.
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The main value of Beryl gooseberry is its ability to tolerate severe frosts. At the same time, the variety is very harvested, and its berries are tasty and large - ideal raw materials for harvesting and a great summer dessert. Growing Beryl does not require much effort, to get high yields this gooseberry is enough standard care.
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